Indian History Based on Questions asked in various Exams (Part 4)

31.   The rulers\r\nof which dynasty started the practice of granting tax-free villages to\r\nBrahmanas and Buddhist Monks?

        (1) Satavahanas     (2)\r\nMauryas

        (3) Guptas          (4)\r\nCholas

(SSC Combined Graduate Level

Prelim Exam. 27.02.2000 (1st Sitting)

32.   The\r\nBandung Conference was a major milestone in the history of:

        (1) The Non-aligned movement

        (2) Indo-Chinese relationship

        (3) U.S.-Vietnam War

        (4) Creation of ASEAN

(SSC Combined Graduate Level Prelim Exam. 27.02.2000 (1st Sitting)

33.   The most\r\nimportant text of vedic mathematics is :

        (1) Satapatha Brahman

        (2) AtharvaVeda

        (3) Sulva Sutras

        (4) Chhandogya Upanishad

(SSC Combined Graduate Level

Prelim Exam. 27.02.2000 (1st Sitting)

34.   What was\r\nthe ultimate goal of Mahatma Gandhi’s Salt Satya-graha?

        (1) repeal of Salt Satyagraha

        (2) curtailment of the Government’s power

        (3) economic relief to the common people

        (4) ‘Purna Swaraj’ for India

(SSC Combined Graduate Level

Prelim Exam. 27.02.2000 (1st Sitting)

35.   Who\r\npersuaded the ratings of the RIN (Royal India Navy) to surrender on the 23rd\r\nFebruary 1946?

        (1) Mahatma Gandhi

        (2) Jawaharlal Nehru and Maulana Abul Kalam Azad

        (3) Vallabh Bhai Patel and M.A. Jinnah

        (4) Morarji Desai and J.B. Kripalani

(SSC Combined Graduate Level Prelim Exam. 27.02.2000 (1st Sitting)

36.   On\r\nSeptember 20, 1932 Mahatma Gandhi began a fast unto death in Yervada Jail\r\nagainst:

        (1) British repression of the Satyagrahis.

        (2) Violation of the Gandhi-Irwin Pact.

        (3) Communal award of Ramsay MacDonald.

        (4) Communal riots in Calcutta.

(SSC Combined Graduate Level

Prelim Exam. 27.02.2000 (1st Sitting)

37.   In 1939,\r\nfor the first time, Gandhiji tried out his specific techniques of controlled\r\nmass struggle in a native state. He allowed a close associate of his to lead a\r\nsatyagraha. Who was he?

        (1) K. T. Bhashyam in Mysore

        (2) Jamnalal Bajaj in Jaipur

        (3) Vallabh Bhai Patel in Rajkot

        (4) Nebakrushna Chaudhri in Dhenkanal

(SSC Combined Graduate Level Prelim Exam. 27.02.2000 (1st Sitting)

38.   One time\r\nassociate of Mahatma Gandhi, broke off from him and launched a radical movement\r\ncalled ‘self-respect movement’. Who was he ?

        (1) P. Thyagaraja Shetti

        (2) Chhatrapati Maharaj

        (3) E.V. Ramaswamy Naicker

        (4) Jyotirao Govindrao Phule

39.   The first\r\nattempt to introduce a representative and popular element in the governance of\r\nIndia was made through :

        (1) Indian Council Act, 1861

        (2) Indian Council Act, 1892

        (3) Indian Council Act, 1909

        (4) Government of India Act, 1919

(SSC Combined Graduate Level

Prelim Exam. 27.02.2000 (Ilnd Sitting)

40.   What did\r\nJyotiba Phule’s Satyashodhak Samaj attempt in the last century?

        (1) Saving the lower castes from hypocritical Brahmans and\r\ntheir opportunistic scriptures

        (2) Attacking the caste system

        (3) Led an anti-landlord and antimahajan upsurge in Satara

        (4) Separate representation for untouchables

(SSC Combined Graduate Level Prelim Exam. 27.02.2000 (Ilnd Sitting)

31.   (1) Land\r\ngrants formed an important feature of the Satavahana rural administration.\r\nInscriptions show that the Satavahanas started the practice of granting fiscal\r\nand administrative immunities to Brahmins and Buddhist monks. Earlier, the grants\r\nto individuals were temporary but later grants to religious beneficiaries were\r\npermanent. Perhaps the earliest epigraphic grant of land is found in the\r\nNanaghat Cave Inscription of naganika, who bestowed villages (grama) on priests\r\nfor officiating at Vedic sacrifices, but it does not speak of any concessions\r\nin this context. These appear first in grants made by Gautamiputra Satakarni in\r\nthe first quarter of the second century A.D.

32.   (1) The\r\nfirst large-scale Asian-African or Afro-Asian Confe- rence—also known as the\r\nBandung Conference—was a meeting of Asian and African states, most of which\r\nwere newly independent, which took place on April 18-24, 1955 in Bandung,\r\nIndonesia. The twenty-nine countries that participated at the Bandung\r\nConference represented nearly one-fourth of the Earth’s land surface and a\r\ntotal population of 1.5 billion people. The conference’s stated aims were to\r\npromote Afro-Asian economic and cultural cooperation and to oppose colonialism\r\nor neocolonialism by either the United States or the Soviet Union in the Cold\r\nWar, or any other imperialistic nations. The conference was an important step\r\ntoward the crystallization of the Non-Aligned Movement.

33.   (3) The\r\nShulba Sutras are sutra texts belonging to the Strauta ritual and containing geometry\r\nrelated to fire-altar construction. They are part of the larger corpus of texts\r\ncalled the Shrauta Sutras, considered to be appendices to the Vedas. They are\r\nthe only sources of knowledge of Indian mathematics from the Vedic period. The\r\nfour major Shulba Sutras, which are mathematically the most significant, are\r\nthose composed by Baudhayana, Manava, Apastamba and Katyayana.

34.   (4) The\r\nSalt Satyagraha started on March 12, 1930, with the undertaking of the Dandi\r\nYatra (Dandi March). The triggering factor for this movement was the British\r\nmonopoly of salt trade in India and the imposition of a salt tax. According to\r\nthe contemporary British laws, the sale or production of salt by anyone but the\r\nBritish government was a criminal offense. The goals of the movement were to\r\nend the British monopoly on salt, decrease dependence on foreign cloth, reduce\r\nland revenue assessments, build unity among Hindus and Muslims of all economic\r\nand social classes, and ultimately end British colonial rule over India and declare\r\nPuma Swaraj (complete independence).

35.   (3) In\r\nFebruary 1946, the Royal Indian Navy (R1N) experienced a major mutiny, on a\r\nmagnitude rare among modern navies. The Second Battalion of the Black watch was\r\ncalled from their barracks in Karachi to deal with this mutiny on Manora\r\nIsland. Both Muhammad Ali Jinnah and Sardar Patel successfully persuaded the\r\nratings to surrender. Patel wrote, “Discipline in the army cannot be tampered\r\nwith. We will

         want [the] army even in free India”.

36.   (3) In\r\n1932, a round table conference was organized and Ambedkar, an eminent lawyer\r\nand a Dalit leader was invited to attend the same. Through his campa- igning,\r\nthe government granted untouchables separate electorates under the new\r\nconstitution. In protest Gandhi began a fast-unto-death while imprisoned in the\r\nYerwada Central Jail of Pune in 1932 against the separate electorate for\r\nuntouchables only. Ambedkar agreed under massive coercion from the supporters\r\nof Gandhi for an agreement, which saw Gandhi end his fast, while dropping the\r\ndemand for separate electorates that was promised through the British Communal\r\nAward prior to Ambedkar’s meeting with Gandhi.

37.   (3) Gandhi\r\nwas against Congress intervention in the affairs of Princely states. He at\r\nfirst showed “exceptional rigidity” (some very limited attempts at “controlled\r\nmass struggle”) in Rajkot, where there was little danger of agrarian\r\nradicalism.

38.   (3) The\r\nSelf-Respect Movement is a movement with the aim of achieving a society where\r\nbackward castes have equal human rights, and encouraging backward castes to\r\nhave self-respect in the context of a caste based society that considered them\r\nto be a lower end of the hierarchy. It was founded in 1925 by Periyar E. V.\r\nRamasamy (also known as Periyar) in Tamil Nadu, India. Periyar was convinced\r\nthat if man developed self respect, he would automatically develop\r\nindividuality and would refuse to be led by the nose by schemers. One of his\r\nmost known quotes on Self-Respect was, “we are fit to think of ‘self-respect’\r\nonly when the notion of’superior’ and ‘inferior’ caste is banished from our\r\nland”

39.   (3) The\r\nIndian Council act of 1909 also known as the Morley-Minto reforms named after\r\nthe then Secretary of State for India, Lord Morley and the Viceroy Lord Minto.\r\nIts provisions were incorporated into the Indian Councils act of 1909 and were\r\nperhaps the first attempt at introducing a popular represe- ntative element in\r\nthe government. In the provincial legislative councils, the number of non\r\nofficial members was increased, thereby reducing the official members to a\r\nminority. At the central legislative council however the official members still\r\nmaintained their majority. The councils were given a little more power in the\r\nadministration and could influence decisions on certain matters of the state.

40.   (1) Satya\r\nSbodhak Samaj was a religion established by Mahatma Jotirao Phule on September\r\n24, 1873. This was started as a group whose main aim was to liberate the social\r\nShudra and Untouchable castes from exploitation and oppression. While condemning\r\nthe prevalent religion, Phule established Satya Shodhak Samaj with the ideals\r\nof human well being in broader aspects, human happiness, unity, equality, and\r\neasy religious principles and rituals.

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