Indian History Based Questions asked in various Exams (Part 31)

311.      ‘Dyarchy’was\r\nintroduced in the Government of India Act of

        (1) 1909              (2)\r\n1919

        (3) 1935              (4)\r\nNone of these

(SSC CPO Sub-Inspector Exam. 16.12.2007)

312.      The\r\ntransfer of Government from the ‘Company’ to the ‘Crown’ was pronounced by Lord\r\nCanning (November 1, 1858) at

        (1) Calcutta        (2)\r\nDelhi

        (3) Patna             (4)\r\nAllahabad

(SSC CPO Sub-Inspector Exam. 16.12.2007)

313.      The\r\nIndian National Congress and the Muslim League came closer to each other in\r\n1916 at

        (1) Lahore          (2)Amritsar

        (3) Lucknow      (4)\r\nHaripura

(SSC CPO Sub-Inspector Exam. 16.12.2007)

314.      Permanent\r\nRevenue Settlement of Bengal was introduced by

        (1) Clive              (2)\r\nHastings

        (3) Wellesley      (4)\r\nCornwallis

(SSC CPO Sub-Inspector Exam. 16.12.2007)

315.      Who\r\npropounded the theory of ‘Economic Drain of India’ during British imperialism?

        (1) W.C. Bannerji

        (2) Dadabhai Naoroji

        (3) Gopalkrishna Gokhale

        (4) Gandhiji

(SSC Section Officer (Audit) Exam. 06.01.2008)

316.      First\r\nIndian Commander-in-Chief was

        (1) Gen. K. S. Thimayya

        (2) Gen: K.M. Kariappa            

        (3) S.H.F.J. Manekshaw

        (4) None of the above

(SSC Section Officer (Audit) Exam. 06.01.2008)

317.      Which\r\nis the oldest trade union organisation in India?

        (1) Indian National Trade Union Congress (INTUC)

        (2) Centre of Indian Trade Unions (CITU)

        (3) All India Trade Union Congress (AITUC)

        (4) Bharatiya Mazdoor Sangh (BMS)

(SSC Section Officer (Audit) Exam. 06.01.2008)

318.      Sarvodaya\r\nstands for

        (1) Total revolution

        (2) Non-cooperation

        (3) Upliftmentofall

        (4) Non-violence

(SSC Section Officer (Audit) Exam. 06.01.2008)

319.      In\r\nwhich city of South Africa was Gandhi beaten up and thrown off the pavement by\r\nthe white people?

        (1) Cape Town        (2)\r\nDurban

        (3) Johannesburg    (4)\r\nPretoria

(SSC Section Officer (Audit) Exam. 06.01.2008)

320.      Who\r\nattended the Congress of Oppressed Nationalists at Brussels in 1927, on behalf\r\nof the National Congress ?

        (1) Jawaharlal Nehru

        (2) Mahatma Gandhi

        (3) Dr. Ansari

        (4) Motilal Nehru

(SSC Section Officer (Audit) Exam. 06.01.2008)

311. (2) Dyarchy\r\nwas the system of double government introduced by the Government of India Act\r\n(1919) for the provinces of British India. It marked the first introduction of\r\nthe democratic principle into the executive branch of the British\r\nadministration of India. Though much-criticized, it signified a breakthrough in\r\nBritish Indian government and was the forerunner of India’s full provincial\r\nautonomy (1935) and independence (1947). Dyarchy was introduced as a\r\nconstitutional reform by Edwin Samuel Montagu (secretary of state for India,\r\n1917-22) and Lord Chelmsford (viceroy of India, 1916-21).

312. (4) The\r\nfirst Viceroy of India Lord Canning organized a Durbar at Allahabad on in\r\nNovember 1, 1858, in which he legally declared the assumption of power by Queen\r\nVictoria. It was in this durbar that authority was transferred from the East\r\nIndia Company to the Crown. On that occasion Lord Canning also had read out the\r\nQueen’s proclamation to the princes and people of India. The British Government\r\nordered its servants in India not to interfere in the religious affairs of the\r\nIndians. In framing and administering law in India, due regard was to be shown\r\nto the customs, ancient rites and usages

         of the Indians.

313. (3) Lucknow\r\nPact, (December 1916) refers to an agreement made by the Indian National\r\nCongress headed by Maratha leader Bal Gangadhar Tilak and the All India Muslim\r\nLeague led by Muhammad All Jinnah; it was adopted by the Congress at its\r\nLucknow session on December 29 and by the league on December 31, 1916. The\r\nmeeting at Lucknow marked the reunion of the moderate and radical wings of the\r\nCongress. The pact dealt both with the structure of the government of India and\r\nwith the relation of the Hindu and Muslim communities.

314. (4) Cornwallis’s greatest\r\nachieve- ment in India was the reorganization of the land taxation, known as\r\nthe Permanent Settlement of 1793. Agricultural land in Bengal was cultivated by\r\na large number of small farmers, who paid rent to a group of Zamindars\r\n(land-owners). Under the Mughals, the government had collected taxes from the\r\nZamindars. The East India Company, however, had tried to set aside the\r\nZamindars, and collect land taxes either directly through company officials, or\r\nthrough revenue-farmers, who collected the rent from peasants and paid a lump\r\nsum to the government. The new system led to widespread com ption, and the\r\npeasants suffered severely. CornwaLis decided to go back to the old Mughal\r\nsystem. He granted legal ownership of their land to the Zamindars. In return,\r\nthey had to pay the government 90 per cent of the rent which they collected\r\nfrom the farmers. These arrangements were to last for ever, hence the title\r\n“permanent settlement.”

315. (2) The\r\nacknowledged high priest of the drain theory was Dadabhai Naoroji. It was in\r\nmay 1867 that Dadabhai Naoroji put forward the idea that Britain was draining\r\nIndia. From then on for nearly half a century he launched a raging campaign\r\nagainst the drain, hammering at the theme through every possible form of public\r\ncommunication. The drain he declared, was the basic cause of India’s poverty\r\nand the fundamental evil of British rule in India.

316. (2) Field\r\nMarshal Kodandera “Kipper” Madappa Cariappa was the first Indian Chief of Army\r\nStaff of the Indian Army and led the Indian forces on the Western Front during\r\nthe Indo-Pakistan War of 1947. He is among only two Indian Army officers to\r\nhold the highest rank of Field Marshal (the other being Field Marshal Sam\r\nManekshaw).

317. (3) The All\r\nIndia Trade Union Congress (AITUC) is the oldest trade union federations in\r\nIndia and one of the five largest. It was founded on 31 October, 1920 in Bombay\r\nby Lala Lajpat Rai and a few others and, until 1945 when unions became\r\norganised on party lines; it was the primary trade union organisation in India.\r\nSince then it has been associated with the Communist Party of India.

318. (3)\r\nSarvodaya is a term meaning ‘universal uplift’ or ‘progress of all’. The term\r\nwas first coined by Mahatma Gandhi as the title of his 1908 translation of John\r\nRuskin’s tract on political economy, UntoTwis Last, and Gandhi came to use the\r\nterm for the ideal of his own political philosophy. Later Gandhians, like the\r\nIndian nonviolence activist Vinoba Bhave, embraced the term as a name for the\r\nsocial movement in post-independence India

319. (2) Mohandas\r\nKaramchand Gandhi was 24 when he arrived in South Africa in 1893 to work as a\r\nlegal representative for the Muslim Indian Traders based in the city of\r\nPretoria. In January 1897, when Gandhi landed in Durban, a mob of white\r\nsettlers attacked him and he escaped only through the efforts of the wife of\r\nthe police superintendent. He, however, refused to press charges against any\r\nmember of the mob, stating it was one of his principles not to seek redress for\r\na personal wrong

         in a court of law

320. (1) In\r\nFebruary 1927, Jawaharlal Nehru on behalf of the National Congress attended the\r\nCongress of Oppressed Nationalities at Brussels organised by political exiles\r\nand revolutionaries from the countries of Asia, Africa and Latin America\r\nsuffering from economic or political imperialism. The Congress was called to\r\ncoordinate and plan their common struggle against imperialism. Many left wing\r\nintellectuals and political leaders of Europe also joined the Congress.

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