History Indian History Based Questions asked in various Exams (Part 47)

471.      Gandhiji\r\nwas influenced by the writings of

        (1) Karl Marx

        (2) Thomas Hobbes

        (3) Charles Darwin

        (4) Leo Tolstoy

(FCI Assistant Grade-II Exam. 22.01.2012 (Paper-1)

472.      The\r\nmethods of democratic socialism are

        (1) Revolution   (2)\r\nGeneral strike

        (3) Sabotage

        (4) Persuasion and propaganda

(FCI Assistant Grade-II Exam. 22.01.2012 (Paper-1)

473.      Worship\r\nof Mother Goddess was associated with

        (1) Aryan Civilization

        (2) Mediterranean Civilization

        (3) Indus Valley Civilization

        (4) Later Vedic Civilization

(FCI Assistant Grade-II Exam. 22.01.2012 (Paper-1)

474.      Alexander\r\nand Porus fought a battle at

        (1) Hydaspes     (2)\r\nJhelum

        (3) Panipat         (4)\r\nTarain

(FCI Assistant Grade-II Exam. 22.01.2012 (Paper-1)

475.      The\r\nBattle of Haldighati was fought between

        (1) Akbar and Rana Sangram Singh

        (2) Akbar and Medini Rai

        (3) Akbar and Rana Pratap Singh

        (4) Akbar and Uday Singh

(PCI Assistant Grade-II Exam. 22.01.2012 (Paper-1)

476.      The\r\nfamous Peacock Throne of Shah Jahan was taken away in 1739 by

        (1) Afghan invader Ahmed Shah Abdali

        (2) Persian invader Nadir Shah

        (3) Mongol invader Chengiz Khan

        (4) British East India Company

(FCI Assistant Grade-II Exam. 22.01.2012 (Paper-1)

477.      Identify\r\nthe Buddhist Literature from the following:

        (1) Tripitakas     (2)\r\nUpanishads

        (3) Angas            (4)\r\nAranyakas

(FCI Assistant Grade-II Exam. 22.01.2012 (Paper-1)

478.      Seleucus\r\nNicator was defeated by

        (1) Asoka

        (2) Chandragupta Maurya

        (3) BinduSara    (4)\r\nBrihadratha

(FCI Assistant Grade-Ill Exam. 5.02.2012 (Paper-1)

479.      The\r\nstriking feature of the Indus Valley Civilization was

        (1) Urban Civilization

        (2) Agrarian Civilization

        (3) Mesolithic Civilization

        (4) Paleolithic Civilization

(FCI Assistant Grade-III Exam. 5.02.2012 (Paper-1)

480.      The\r\nGovernor-General who abolished the practice of Sati was

        (1) Dalhousie     (2)\r\nRipon

        (3) William Bert inck

        (4) Curzon

(FCI Assistant Grade-Ill Exam. 5.02.2012 (Paper-1)

471. (4) After\r\ncoming to South Africa, Gandhi started a study of a wide range of literature\r\nand Tolstoy’s works were among those which influenced him the most. He went\r\nthrough a time of religious ferment, engaging in wide-ranging religious\r\ndiscussions and reading eclectically among the religious texts that came his\r\nway. One of these texts was Tolstoy’s book on living an authentic Christian\r\nlife. Gandhi commented: ‘Tolstoy’s The Kingdom of God is Within You overwhelmed\r\nme. It left an abiding impression on me. Before the independent thinking,\r\nprofound morality, and the truthfulness of this book, all the books given me by\r\nMr. Coates seemed to pale into insignificance.”

472. (4) Democratic socialism is a\r\npolitical philosophy and social movement that rejects centralized, elitist or\r\nauthoritarian means of transitioning from capitalism to socialism. Democratic\r\nsocialism advocates for the immediate creation of decentralised economic\r\ndemocracy from the grassroots level, undertaken by and for the working class\r\nitself. The methods of democratic socialism as followed by Nehru are\r\ndiscussion, argument and persuasion.

473. (3) In view\r\nof the large number of figurines found in the Indus valley, some scholars\r\nbelieve that the Harappan people worshipped a Mother goddess symbolizing\r\nfertility, a common practice among rural Hindus even today.

474. (1) The\r\nBattle of the Hydaspes River was fought by Alexander the Great in 326 BC\r\nagainst King Porus of the Hindu Paurava kingdom on the banks of the Hydaspes\r\nRiver (Jhelum River) in the Punjab near Bhera in what is now modern-day\r\nPakistan. The battle resulted in a complete Macedonian victory and the\r\nannexation of the Punjab, which lay beyond the confines of the defeated Persian\r\nEmpire, into the Alexandrian Empire. The battle is historically significant for\r\nopening up India for Greek political (Seleucid Empire, Indo-Greeks) and\r\ncultural influence (Greco-Buddhist art) which was to continue for many\r\ncenturies.

475. (3) The\r\nBattle of Haldighati was fought between the Mughal Empire and the forces of\r\nMewar on June 21, 1576 at Haldighati. Remembered as the most important event in\r\nRajput history, the battle of Haldighati was an “Indecisive Battle”. It was\r\nfought between Akbar (Ruler of Mughals) and Maharana Pratap Singh I (Ruler of\r\nRajputs). It was a short-span battle that lasted for only 4 hours. Abdul Qadir\r\nBadayuni was present at the Battle of Haldighati.

476. (2) The\r\nPeacock Throne, called Takht-e Tavus in Persian, is the name originally given\r\nto a Mughal throne of India. Nader Shah invaded the Mughal Empire in 1738, and\r\nreturned to Persia in 1739 with the original Peacock Throne as well as many\r\nother treasures, amounting to a very large reduction in Indian wealth, taken\r\nfrom the Mughal emperor Muhammad Shah.

477. (1)\r\nTripitaka is a traditional term used by various Buddhist sects to describe\r\ntheir various canons of scriptures. As the name suggests, a Tripitaka\r\ntraditionally contains three “baskets” of teachings: a Sutra Pitaka, a Vinaya\r\nPitaka and an Abhidharma Pitaka. Tripitaka is the three main categories of\r\ntexts that make up the Buddhist canon.

478. (2) Seleucus\r\nI Nicator was a leading officer of Alexander the Great’s League of Corinth and\r\none of the Diadochi. In the Wars of the Diadochi that took place after\r\nAlexander’s death, Seleucus established the Seleucid dynasty and the Seleucid\r\nEmpire. He was defeated by the emperor of India, Chandragupta Maurya and\r\naccepted a matrimony alliance for 500 elephants after ceding the territories\r\nconsidered as part of India.

479. (1) The most\r\ncharacteristic feature of the Harappan Civilization was its urbanization. The\r\ncities show evidence of an advanced sense of planning and organization. The\r\ntown was extremely well planned. The street ran straight and at right angles to\r\neach other following the grid system. The rectangular town planning was unique\r\nto the Harappans and was not known in Mesopotamia or Egypt. The streets were\r\nvery wide and the houses built of burnt bricks lined both sides of the street.\r\nIn Egypt and Mesopotamia dried or baked bricks were used.

480. (3) Lord\r\nWilliam Bentinck was responsible for the abolition of Sati andThugee. Both of\r\nthese customs involved death. The only difference was that in case of Sati the\r\ndeath took place voluntarily and in the case of Thugee it was inflicted by the\r\nThugs on Others. By regulation of December 1829, Bentinck declared the practise\r\nof Sati as illegal and punishable as “culpable homicide”. There was no strong\r\nopposition from the orthodox sections of society but Bentinck had the courage\r\nof a reformer and he carried out the reform.

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