Indian History Based on Questions asked in various Exams (Part 19)

181.      Which\r\nof the following is nirvana place of the Buddha ?

        (1) Kapilvastu    (2)\r\nKusinagar

        (3) Sarnath         (4)\r\nSanchi

(SSC Section Officer (Commercial Audit) Exam. 25.09.2005)

182.      Punjab was\r\nannexed to the British empire during the reign of Governor -General

        (1) LordBentick (2) Lord\r\nDalhousie

        (3) Lord Comwallis

        (4) Lord Canning

(SSC Section Officer (Commercial Audit) Exam. 25.09.2005)

183.      Which\r\nof the following domesticated animals was absent in the terracottas of the\r\nIndus civilisation ?

        (1) Buffalo         (2)\r\nSheep

        (3) Cow               (4)\r\nPig

(SSC Combined Graduate Level Prelim Exam. 13.11.2005 (1st Sitting)

184.      Which\r\namong the following is the sacred book of the Buddhists ?

        (1) Upanishad    (2)\r\nVedas

        (3) Tripitaka       (4)\r\nJatakas

(SSC Combined Graduate Level Prelim Exam. 13.11.2005 (1st Sitting)

185.      The\r\ngreatest development in the Kushana period was in the field of

        (1) religion          (2)\r\nart

        (3) literature       (4)\r\narchitecture

(SSC Combined Graduate Level Prelim Exam. 13.11.2005 (1st Sitting)

186.      Match\r\nList-I with List-II and select the correct answer :

        List-I

              A. Lord Clive

              B. Lord Wellesley

              C. Lord Dalhousie

              D. Lord Curzon

        List-II

              1. Subsidiary Alliance

              2. Indian Universities Act

              3. Doctrine of Lapse

              4. Dual Government in Bengal

        (1) A-2, B-3, C-4, D-l

        (2) A-4, B-l, C-3, D-2

        (3) A-4, B-3, C-2, D-l

        (4) A-l, 6-4, C-2, D-3

(SSC Combined Graduate Level Prelim Exam. 13.11.2005 (1st Sitting)

187.      Mughal\r\npresence in the Red Ford ceased with the fall of

        (1) Aurangzeb

        (2) Muhammad Shah

        (3) Shah Alam

        (4) Bahadur Shah ‘Zafar’

(SSC Combined Graduate Level Prelim Exam. 13.11.2005 (1st Sitting)

188.      Who was\r\nthe first known Gupta ruler ?

        (1) Sri Gupta

        (2) Chandragupta I

        (3) Ghatotkacha

        (4) Kumaragupta I

(SSC Combined Graduate Level Prelim Exam. 13.11.2005 (1st Sitting)

189.      Who\r\nfrom the following leaders was not assassinated ?

        (1) Mahatma Gandhi

        (2) Liaqat Ali Khan

        (3) Muhammed Ali Jinnah

        (4) Lord Louis Mountbatten

(SSC Combined Graduate Level

Prelim Exam. 13.11.2005 (1st Sitting)

190.      ‘Khalsa’\r\nwas founded by

        (1) Guru Gobind Singh

        (2) Guru Ramdas

        (3) Guru Nanak

        (4) Arjun Dev

(SSC Combined Graduate Level Prelim Exam. 13.11.2005 (1st Sitting)

181. (2) Kushinagar in Uttar\r\nPradesh is an important Buddhist pilgrimage site, where Gautama Buddha is\r\nthought to have attained Parini- rvana after his death. In ancient times, it\r\nwas known as Kushavati (Jatakas). It finds mention in epic Ramayan as the city\r\nof Kusha the son of Ram, the famous king of Ayodhya. Kushinagar was a\r\ncelebrated center of the Malla kingdom of ancient India. Later, it would be\r\nknown as Kushinara, one of the most important four holy sites for Buddhists. At\r\nthis location, near the Hiranyavati River, Gautama Buddha attained Parinirvana\r\n(or ‘Final Nirvana’) after falling ill from eating a meal of a species of\r\nmushroom, or possibly pork.

182. (2) The\r\nMarquis of Dalhousie, the new governor-general, who arrived in India in January\r\n1848 scarcely approved of Hardinge’s “annex- ation without encumbr ances. “ In\r\nApril 1848 Diwan Mul Raj’s revolt at Multan opened the prospect of a fresh war\r\nin the Punjab. On the very day (4 May) Dalhousie received Resident Frederick\r\nCurrie’s report of the incident at Multan, he wrote to the Home government: “I\r\nshall feel it my duty as the servant of the Company and Crown to exact national\r\nreparation from the State of Lahore. The Second Anglo-Sikh War took place in\r\n1848 and 1849, between the Sikh Empire and the \r\nBritish East India Company. It resulted in the subjugation of the Sikh\r\nEmpire, and the annexation of the Punjab and what subsequently became the\r\nNorth-west Frontier Province by the East India Company.

183. (3) The\r\nIndus Valley Civilization made sculptures mainly in stone, metal and\r\nterra-cotta. Ranging in size from slightly larger than a human thumb to almost\r\n30 cm. (one foot) in height, the anthropom- orphic and animal terracotta\r\nfigurines from Harappa and other Indus Civilization sites offer a rich\r\nreflection of some of the Harappan ideas about representing life in the Bronze\r\nAge. From the terracotta figurines, we come to know that the people of Harappa\r\ndomesticated animals like oxen, buffaloes, pigs, goats and sheep. Camels and\r\nasses were used as means of transport. Dogs and cats were kept as pets. The\r\nhumped bull was considered a great asset in the farming community.

184. (3)\r\nTripitaka is a traditional term

         used by various Buddhist sects to describe their various\r\ncanons of scriptures. As the name suggests, a Tripitaka traditionally contains\r\nthree “baskets” of teachings: a Sutra Pitaka (Sanskrit; Pali: Sutta Pitaka), a\r\nVinaya Pitaka (Sanskrit & Pali) and an Abhidharma Pitaka (Sanskrit; Pali:\r\nAbhidhamma Pitaka).

185. (2) The\r\nKushanas were great patrons of art. It was under the rule of the Kushans that\r\nprinciples were formed for making sculptural images, which continued to\r\ninfluence making of sculptures ever after. During this time, Buddha was first\r\nshown in human form (earlier he was represented by symbols like lotus and\r\nfootsteps). Other Hindu and Jain deities also began to be shown in human form.\r\nMathura and Gandhara were the two main centers of art during the time of the\r\nKushanas. The Gandhara School of Art and the Mathura School of Art developed\r\ntheir own distinct styles. The Gandhara School was highly influenced by\r\nGreco-Roman philosophies and mainly concentrated on depicting the image of the\r\nBuddha and the legends associated with his life, while the Mathura School drew\r\ninspiration from local folk deities and themes from day to day life.

186. (2) The\r\ndoctrine of subsidiary alliance was introduced by Marquess Wellesley, British\r\nGovernor-General of India from 1798 to 1805. Lord Curzon after becoming the\r\ngovernor general of India sought to introduce the reforms in all fields of\r\nadministration and also in education. In September 1901, Curzon summoned the\r\nhighest educational officers of the Government throughout India and\r\nrepresentatives of universities at a round table Conference at Shimla. The\r\nConference adopted 150 resolutions which touched almost every conceivable\r\nbranch of education. This was followed by the appointment of a Commission under\r\nthe presidency of Sir Thomas Raleigh on 27 January, 1902 to enquire into the\r\ncondition and prospects of universities in India and to recommend proposals for\r\nimproving their constitution and working. As a result of the report of the\r\nrecommendations of the Commission the Indian Universities Act was passed in\r\n1904. The Doctrine of Lapse was an annexation policy purportedly devised by\r\nLord Dalhousie, who was the Governor General for the East India Company in\r\nIndia between 1848 and 1856. The Dual Government of Bengal was a double system\r\nof administration, which was introduced by Robert Clive. The British East India\r\nCompany obtained the actual power; where as the responsibility and charge of\r\nadministration was entrusted to the Nawab of Bengal.

187. (4) The Red\r\nFort is a 17th century fort cqmplex constructed by the Mughal emperor, Shah\r\nJahan in the walled city of Old Delhi (in present day Delhi, India) that served\r\nas the residence of the Mughal Emperors. It served as the capital of the\r\nMughals until 1857, when Mughal emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar was exiled by the\r\nBritish Indian government.

188. (1) Sri\r\nGupta (240-280) was a pre-imperial Gupta king in northern India and start of\r\nthe Gupta dynasty. The first evidence of Sri Gupta comes from the writings of\r\nI-tsing around 690 CE who describes that the Poona copper inscription of\r\nPrabhavati Gupta, a daughter\r\nof Chandra Gupta, describes “Maharaja Sri-Gupta” as the founder of the Gupta\r\ndynasty

189. (3) Muhammad\r\nAli Jinnah died at age 71 in September 1948, just over a year after Pakistan\r\ngained independence from the British Raj. He died from tuberculosis.

190. (1) Khalsa\r\nis the collective body of Singhs and Kaurs represented by the five beloved-ones\r\nand is the final temporal Guru/leader of the Sikhs. The Khalsa was inaugurated\r\non March 30, 1699, by Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth Sikh Guru. The leadership\r\nwas passed on by Guru Gobind Singh to the Khalsa and bestowed the title “Guru Panth”\r\nor “Guru”. The Khalsa is also the nation of the Sikhs. The Khalsa is\r\nresponsible for all executive, military and civil authority. The meaning of\r\nKhalsa translates to “Sovereign/Free”. Another interpr-

         etation is that of being ‘Pure’. Guru Gobind Singh has\r\ndeclared the Khalsa as his true Guru and therefore as following described in\r\nthe Sarbloh Granth the attributes of the Khalsa

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