Indian History Based on Questions asked in various Exams (Part 21)

201.      Who was\r\nthe greatest Bhakti poet

of Maharasthra ?

        (1) Ramdas        (2)\r\nTukaram

        (3) Namdeva     (4)\r\nEknath

(SSC Tax Assistant (Income Tax ft

Central Excise) Exam. 11.12.2005)

202.      ‘Charak’\r\nwas the famous court physician of

        (1) Harsha

        (2) Chandra Gupta Maurya

        (3) Ashoka

        (4) Kanishka

(SSC Tax Assistant (Income Tax ft Central Excise) Exam. 11.12.2005)

203.      The\r\nforeign traveller who visited India during the Mughal period and who left us an\r\nexpert’s description of the Peacock Throne, was

        (1) Geronimo Verroneo

        (2) ‘Omrah’ Danishmand Khan

        (3) Travernier

        (4) Austin of Bordeaux

(SSC Tax Assistant (Income Tax ft Central Excise) Exam. 11.12.2005)

204.      The\r\ndead body of Babar by his own choice lies buried in

        (1) Agra               (2)\r\nFarghana

        (3) Samarqand  (4) Kabul

(SSC Tax Assistant (Income Tax & Central Excise) Exam. 11.12.2005)

205.      The Government\r\nof India, 1919 is also known as

        (1) Morley-Minto Reforms

        (2) Montague - Chelmsford Reforms

        (3) Regulating Act

        (4) Pitts India Act

(SSC Tax Assistant (Income Tax ft Central Excise) Exam.11.12.2005)

206.      Who is\r\ncalled the ‘Father of the Indian National Congress’?

        (1) Mahatma Gandhi

        (2) AO. Hume

        (3) Lokmanya Tilak

        (4) Surendra Nath Banerjee

(SSC Tax Assistant (Income Tax ft Central Excise) Exam.11.12.2005)

207.      Who\r\nfounded the Home Rule League in Calcutta in 1916 A.D.?

        (1) Bipin Chandra Pal

        (2) Arvind Ghosh

        (3) Lokmanya Tilak

        (4) Mrs. Annie Besant

(SSC Tax Assistant (Income Tax ft Central Excise) Exam. 11.12.2005)

208.      Mahatma\r\nGandhi owed his inspiration for civil disobedience and non-payment of taxes to

        (l) Thoreau         (2)\r\nLeo Tolstoy

        (3) John Ruskin

        (4) Gopal Krishna Gokhale

(SSC Tax Assistant (Income Tax ft Central Excise) Exam. 11.12.2005)

209.      Goa was\r\ncaptured by the Portuguese in the year—

        (1) 1508              (2)\r\n1608

        (3) 1510              (4)\r\n1610

(SSC Tax Assistant (Income Tax ft Central Excise) Exam. 11.12.2005)

210.      Which\r\nof the following statements best explains the nature of revolt of 1857 ?

        (1) The last effort of the old political order to regain\r\npower.

        (2) Mutiny of a section of sepoys of the British Army

        (3) A struggle of the common people to overthrow common rule

        (4) An effort to establish a limited Indian nation

(SSC Statistical Investigators

Grade-IV Exam. 13.08.2006)

201. (2) Saint\r\nTukaram (1608-1645) was a prominent Varkari Sant (Saint) and spiritual poet\r\nduring a Bhakti movement in India. Dilip Purushottam Chitre, a well known\r\nMarathi Scholar, identifies Tukaram as the first modern poet of Marathi. Chitre\r\nbelieves that Tukaram was the second saint after Sant Dnyaneshwar who denied\r\ncaste hierarchy in Hindu religion and attacked rituals present in Hindu Dharma.

202. (4) Charaka\r\nwas one of the principal contributors to the ancient art and science of\r\nAyurveda, a system of medicine and lifestyle developed in Ancient India. He is\r\nreferred to as the Father of Medicine. The life and times of Charaka are not\r\nknown with certainty. Some Indian scholars have stated that Charaka of Charaka\r\nSamhita existed before Panini, the grammarian, who is said to have lived before\r\nthe sixth century B. C. Another school argues that Patanjali wrote a commentary\r\non the medical work of Charaka. They say that if Patanjali lived around 175\r\nB.C., Charaka must have lived some time before him. Another source about the\r\nidentity of Charaka and his times is provided by the French orientalist Sylvan\r\nLevi. He discov- ered in the Chinese translation of the Buddhist Tripitaka, a\r\nperson named Charaka who was a court physician to the Indo-Scythian king\r\nKanishka, who in all probability reigned in the second century A.D. From the\r\nabove discussion, it would seem that Charaka may have lived between the second\r\ncentury B.C. to the second century A.D.

203. (3)\r\nTavernier gives a detailed and vivid description of the “Peacock Throne” in his\r\nbook Le Six Voyages de J. B. Tavernier The Six Voyages of J. B. Tavernier. It\r\nwas during Tavernier’s sixth voyage to India, which he undertook between 1663\r\nand 1668, he had the privilege of visiting the court of the great Mughal\r\nEmperor Aurangzeb, atJahanabad, at the invitation of the Emperor himself. The\r\nmain purpose of Tavernier’s invitation to the Emperor’s court, was for the\r\nEmperor to inspect whatever jewels Tavernier had brought from the west, with a\r\nview of purchasing them. The description of the throne appears in Chapter VIII\r\nof Volume II of his book, which concerns about preparations for the Emperor’s\r\nannual birthday festival, during which he is solemnly weighed every year, and\r\nalso about the splendor of his thrones and the magnificence of his court.\r\nTavernier’s account of the Peacock Throne is the most comprehensive account of\r\nthe throne available to modern historians.

204. (4) Babur\r\ndied at the age of 47 in 1531. Though he wished to be buried in his favourite\r\ngarden in Kabul, a city he had always loved, he was first buried in a mausoleum\r\nin the capital city of Agra. His remains were later moved to Bagh-e Babur\r\n(Babur Gardens) in Kabul, Afghanistan.

205. (2) The\r\nMontagu-Chelmsford

         Reforms were reforms introduced by the British Government in\r\nIndia to introduce self-governing institutions gradually to India. The reforms\r\ntake their name from Edwin Samuel Montagu, the Secretary of State for India\r\nduring the latter part’s ofWov’d War i and Lord Chelmsford. Viceroy of India\r\nbetween 1916 and 1921. The reforms were outlined in the Montagu-Chelmsford\r\nReport prepared in 1918 and formed the basis of the Government of India Act\r\n1919.

206. (2) Allan\r\nOctavian Hume was a civil servant, political reformer and amateur ornithologist\r\nand horticulturalist in British India. He was one of the founders of the Indian\r\nNational Congress for which he is known as the ‘Father of the Indian National\r\nCongress’. A notable ornithologist, Hume has also been called “the Father of\r\nIndian Ornithology.”

207. (4) The All\r\nIndia Home Rule League was a national political organization founded in 1916 to\r\nlead the national demand for self-government, termed Home Rule, and to obtain\r\nthe status of a Dominion within the British Empire as enjoyed by Australia,\r\nCanada, South Africa, New Zealand and Newfoundland at the time. On April 23,\r\n1916 Bal GangadharTilak formed The Home Rule League in Bombay. Six months later\r\nMrs. Annie Besant founded the league in Madras. While Tilak’s Home Rule League\r\nwas confined to Maharashtra, Home Rule Leagues were started in the rest of the\r\ncountry under the guidance of Annie Besant.

208. (1) It was\r\nfrom Thoreau’s essay, Civil Disobedience, that Gandhi borrowed the phrase used\r\nwidely to describe his program. Thoreau himself was influenced by the writings\r\nof the forest wise men of India who wrote the Upanishads. These ancient Hindu\r\nwritings were translated into English in the early 1800s. Thoreau read and\r\npondered them in the Harvard College library. Thus this political technique of\r\nboycott and non-violent protest has already crossed and re-crossed the ocean to\r\nstrengthen hearts and to influence minds in South Asia, South Africa and in\r\nAlabama, U.S.A.

209. (3) The\r\nPortuguese State of India was established in 1505 as a viceroyalty of the\r\nKingdom of Portugal, six years after the discovery of a sea route between\r\nPortugal and India, to serve as the plenipotentiary governing body of a string\r\nof Portuguese fortresses and colonies overseas. In the year 1509, Alfonso de\r\nAlbuquerque was appointed the second governor of the Portuguese possessions in\r\nthe East. In 15lb, Alfonso de Albuquerque defeated the Bijapur sultans with the\r\nhelp of Timayya, on behalf of the Hindu Vijayanagara Empire, leading to the\r\nestablishment of a permanent settlement in Velha Goa (or Old Goa).

210. (1) Till the\r\nend of the 19th century, the British officials continued to look upon the\r\nrebellion primarily as a ‘sepoy mutiny*. But, another British tendency was to\r\nlook upon the event as a ‘Muslim’ reaction. Upon this view, British had taken\r\nover power from the Muslims who made the last consolidated effort to regain\r\ntheir lost power and glory through the revolt of 1857. Thus ‘sepoy mutiny’ and\r\n‘Muslim reaction’ were the main components of the way in which the British\r\nchose to understand the reality of 1857.

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