Indian History Based on Questions asked in various Exams (Part 24)

231.      Ibn\r\nBatuta, the famous traveller came from

        (1) Portugal        (2)\r\nMorocco

        (3) China            (4)\r\nTibet

(SSC Tax Assistant (Income Tax & Central Excise Exam. 12.11.2006)

232.      Which\r\nof the following would be the most accurate description of the Mauryan Monarchy\r\nunder Ashoka ?

        (1) Enlightened despotism

        (2) Centralised autocracy

        (3) Oriental despotism

        (4) Guided democracy

(SSC Tax Assistant (Income Tax & Central Excise Exam. 12.11.2006)

233.      Amir\r\nKhusrau was a musician and

        (1) Sufi saint

        (2) Persian and Hindi writer, and scholar

        (3) historian

        (4) All of the above

(SSC Tax Assistant (Income Tax & Central Excise Exam. 12.11.2006)

234.      Lahore\r\nwas Ranjeet Singh’s Political Capital. Which city was called his Religious\r\nCapital ?

        (1) Amritsar

        (2) Anandpur Shahib

        (3) Gujranwala

        (4) Peshawar

(SSC Tax Assistant (Income Tax & Central Excise Exam. 12.11.2006)

235.      ‘Permanent\r\nSettlement’, the system of revenue collection was introduced in India by

        (1) Lord Curzon

        (2) Lord Dalhousie

        (3) Lord Hastings

        (4) Lord Cornwallis

(SSC Tax Assistant (Income Tax & Central Excise Exam. 12.11.2006)

236.      Who was\r\nthe first woman President of Congress ?

        (1) Mrs. Annie Besant

        (2) Mrs. Sarojini Naidu

        (3) Mrs. Nellie Sengupta

        (4) ArunaAsafAli

(SSC Tax Assistant (Income Tax & Central Excise Exam. 12.11.2006)

237.      The\r\nSimon Commission which came to India in February 1928 was boycotted because

        (1) all its members were Englishmen

        (2) at that time a large number of nationalist leaders were\r\nin prison

        (3) the chairman, Sir John Simon was way unpopular

        (4) the Montague-Chelmsford Reforms had failed

(SSC Tax Assistant (Income Tax & Central Excise Exam. 12.11.2006)

238.      Who was\r\nthe Chairman of the Partition Council ?

        (1) M. A. Jinnah ...

        (2) Lord Mountbatterj               

        (3) Jawaharlal Nehru

        (4) V. P. Menon

(SSC Tax Assistant (Income Tax & Central Excise Exam. 12.11.2006)

239.      Gandhis\r\ninspiration for Civil Disobedience came from the writings of

(1) Henry David Thoreau

(2) David Ricardo

(3) Henry Kissinger

(4) Bertrand Russell

(SSC Section Officer (Commercial Audit Exam. 26.11.2006 (Second Sitting)

240.      The\r\nidea of Pakistan was first conceived by

        (1) Muhammad Iqbal

        (2) M. A. Jinnah

        (3) ShaukatAli

        (4) AgaKhan

(SSC Section Officer (Commercial Audit Exam. 26.11.2006 (Second Sitting)

231. (2) Ibn\r\nBatuta, also known as

         Shams ud-Din, was a Berber Muslim Moroccan explorer, known\r\nfor his extensive travels, accounts of which were published in the Rihla.

232. (1)\r\nDespotism is a form of government in which a single entity rules with absolute\r\npower. However, in enlightened absol- utism (also known as benevolent\r\ndespotism), absolute monarchs used their authority to institute a number of\r\nreforms in the political systems and societies of their countries. During\r\nAshoka’s reign, the Mauryan Empire was indeed the first attempt in India to\r\nsecure administrative centralization on an extended scale. Within its framework\r\nit united a number of people and tribes. Tha nature of the Mauryan government\r\nwas enlightened despotism. The centralized monarchy became a paternal despotism\r\nunder the able guidance of Ashoka.

233. (4) Amir\r\nKhusrau was an Indian musician, scholar and poet. He was an iconic figure in\r\nthe cultural history of the Indian subcontinent. A Sufi mystic and a spiritual\r\ndisciple of Nizamuddin Auliya of Delhi, Amir Khusrow was not only a notable\r\npoet but also a prolific and seminal musician. He wrote poetry primarily in\r\nPersian, but also in Hindavi. He is regarded as the “father of qawwali” (the\r\ndevotional music of the Sufis in the Indian subcontinent). He is also credited\r\nwith enriching Hindustani classical music by introducing Persian and Arabic\r\nelements in it,’ and was the originator of the khayal and tarana styles of\r\nmusic. The invention of the tabla is also traditionally attributed to him.

234. (1) Ranjit\r\nSingh, chief of the Sukerchakia misl, who first occupied Lahore (1799), the\r\ntraditional capital of the Punjab, declaring himself Maharaja in 1801, extended\r\nhis hegemony to Amritsar in 1805 when he took over the town from his\r\ntraditional rivals, the Bhangi chiefs. Already in 1809 he had constructed the\r\nCobindgarh Fort outside Lahauri Gate complete with a formidable moat, three\r\nlines of defence and several bastions and emplacements for heavy guns. Amritsar\r\nthus had already become his second capital. Ranjit Singh devoutly provided\r\nliberal funds to have the dome and exterior of the holy Harimandar goldplated\r\nand to have the interior ornamented with fine filigree and enamel work and with\r\ndecorative murals and panels in marble inlaid with coloured stone.

235. (4) lord\r\nCornwallis concluded the Permanent Settlement Act of 1793. Permanent Settlement\r\nwas a grand contract between the East India Company and the Landholders of\r\nBengal (Zamindars and independent Talukdars of all designations). Under this\r\nact, the landholders and Zamindars were admitted as the absolute owners of\r\nlanded property to the colonial state system. Not only them, the Zamindars and\r\nlandholders were allowed to hold their proprietary right at a rate that never\r\nchanged. Under this contract of Permanent Settlement, the Government could not\r\nenhance the revenue demands on Zamindars.

236. (1) Annie\r\nBesant was a prominent British socialist, Theosophist, women’s rights activist,\r\nwriter and orator and supporter of Irish and Indian self rule. When World War I\r\nbroke out in 1914 she helped launch the Home Rule League to campaign for\r\ndemocracy in India and dominion status within the Empire as a result of which\r\nshe became the first woman President of the Indian National Congress at its\r\nCalcutta session in 1917.

237. (1) The\r\nIndian Statutory Commission was a group of seven British Members of Parliament\r\nthat had been dispatched to India in 1927 to study constitutional reform in\r\nBritain’s most important colonial dependency. It was commonly referred to as\r\nthe Simon Commission after its chairman, Sir John Simon. The Simon commission\r\nwas boycotted by Indians because they felt insulted and hurt that a committee\r\nappointed to decide the future of India did not include even a single Indian.

238. (2) Before\r\nthe Partition Council, a Partition Committee was formed which was chaired by\r\nLord Mountbatten and its members were Vallabh Bhai Patel, Dr. Rajendra Prasad,\r\nLiaqat Ali Khan and Abdur Rab Nishtar. Later this committee was replaced by a\r\nPartition Council. In this council, Congress was represented by Sardar Patel\r\nand Dr. Rajendra Prasad, with C. Rajgopalachari as alternate member. Muslim\r\nleague was represented by Mohammed Ali Jinnah, Liaqat Ali Khan and Abdur Rab\r\nNishtar as alternate member. Even after 15 August 1947, this partition council\r\nwas in existence. The Partition Council had the Governor General as its\r\nChairman.

239. (1)\r\nResistance to Civil Government (Civil Disobedience) is an essay by American\r\ntranscendentalist Henry David Thoreau that was first published in 1849. In it,\r\nThoreau argues that individuals should not permit governments to overrule or\r\natrophy their consciences, and that they have a duty to avoid allowing such\r\nacquiescence to enable the government to make them the agents of injustice.\r\nIndian independence leader Mohandas Gandhi (a.k.a. Mahatma Gandhi) was\r\nimpressed by Thoreau’s arguments.

240. (1) Muhammad\r\nIqbal was a philosopher, poet and politician in British India who is widely\r\nregarded as having inspired the Pakistan Movement. Iqbal elucidated to Jinnah\r\nhis vision of a separate Muslim state in a letter sent on June 21, 1937: “A\r\nseparate federation of Muslim Provinces, reformed on the lines I have suggested\r\nabove, is the only couise by which we can secure a peaceful India and save\r\nMuslims from the domination of Non-Muslims. Why should not the Muslims of North\r\nWest India and Bengal be considered as nations entitled to self-determination\r\njust as other nations in India and outside India are.”

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